Identifiability of generalised Randles circuit models

The Randles circuit (including a parallel resistor and capacitor in series with another resistor) and its generalised topology have widely been employed in electrochemical energy storage systems such as batteries, fuel cells and supercapacitors, also in biomedical engineering, for example, to model the electrode-tissue interface in electroencephalography and baroreceptor dynamics. This paper studies identifiability of generalised Randles circuit models, that is, whether the model parameters can be estimated uniquely from the input-output data. It is shown that generalised Randles circuit models are structurally locally identifiable. The condition that makes the model structure globally identifiable is then discussed. Finally, the estimation accuracy is evaluated through extensive simulations

Matrix Theory for the DLCQ of Type IIB String Theory on the AdS/Plane-wave

We propose a recipe to construct the DLCQ Hamiltonian of type IIB string theory on the AdS (and/or plane-wave) background. We consider a system of J number of coincident unstable non-BPS D0-branes of IIB theory in the light-cone gauge and on the plane-wave background with a compact null direction, the dynamics of which is described by the world-line U(J) gauge theory. This configuration suffers from tachyonic instabilities. Having instabilities been cured through the process of open string tachyon condensation, by expanding the theory about true minima of the effective potential and furthermore taking low energy limit to decouple the heavy modes, we end up with a 0+1-dimensional supersymmetric U(J) gauge theory, a Matrix Theory. We conjecture that the Hamiltonian of this Matrix Theory is just the DLCQ Hamiltonian of type IIB string theory on the AdS or equivalently plane-wave background in a sector with J units of light-cone momentum. We present some pieces of evidence in support of the proposal.Comment: LaTeX, 35 pages, 2 eps figures; v2: minor changes, references added; v3: minor change

Multiwavelength fiber laser based on bidirectional lyot filter in conjunction with intensity dependent loss mechanism

We experimentally demonstrate a multiwavelength fiber laser (MWFL) based on bidirectional Lyot filter. A semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) is used as the gain medium, while its combination with polarization controllers (PCs) and polarization beam combiner (PBC) induces intensity dependent loss (IDL) mechanism. The IDL mechanism acts as an intensity equalizer to flatten the multiwavelength spectrum, which can be obtained at a certain polarization state. Using different ratio of optical splitter has affected to multiwavelength flatness degradation. Subsequently, when we removed a polarizer in the setup, the extinction ratio (ER) is decreased. Ultimately, with two segments of polarization maintaining fiber (PMF), two channel spacings can be achieved due to splicing shift of 0° and 90°

Penjadwalan Truk Untuk Memaksimalkan Target Realisasi Distribusi Semen Kantong Di Unit Terminal Pengantongan Semen PT Semen Andalas Indonesia Lhoknga Banda Aceh

PT. Lafarge Cement Indonesia (LCI) atau juga dikenal sebagai PT. Semen Andalas Indonesia, Lhoknga, telah menghasilkan produk Semen Andalas mereka hingga mencapai 1,78 juta ton pertahun 2012. PT. Lafarge Cement Indonesia (LCI) memiliki 19 distributor semen bag (kantong), dan memiliki 4 terminal pengantongan yaitu Lhoknga, Belawan, Batam dan Lhokseumawe. Pada distribusi semen kantong pada terminal pengantongan Lhoknga belum maksimal karena masih terjadi idle capacity rata-rata mencapai 30%/bulan dari target penjualan. Tujuan Penelitian untuk memaksimalkan target realisasi ditribusi atau meminimalkan ilde capacity pada pendistribusian semen kantong di unit terminal pengantongan semen PT. Lafarge Cement Indonesia Lhoknga Banda Aceh. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian idle capacity disebabkan beberapa hal diantaranya, sistem kuota, penjadwalan kurang terencana dengan baik, distributor tidak konsisten mengambil semen sesuai jumlah kouta perhari yang telah dialokasikan, dan penentuan hari kerja sampai 30 hari kerja dengan jumlah jam kerja mencapai dua shift. Berdasarkan hasil simulasi didapatkan bahwa untuk mendistribusikan target penjualan paling maksimal yaitu 32500 ton perbulan, dengan skenario pertama yaitu 28 hari kerja, dengan jumlah kuota perhari sebanyak 1160.7 ton, bisa dihabiskan dengan waktu 6.54 jam, waktu yang dibutuhkan 1 shift. Skenario kedua 26 kerja dengan jumlah kuota perhari sebanyak 1250 ton bisa dihabiskan dengan waktu 8.022 jam, waktu yang dibutuhkan 1 shift . Skenario ketiga 22 kerja dengan kuota perhari sebanyak 1477,27 ton, bisa dihabiskan dengan waktu 9.45 jam, waktu yang dibutuhkan 2 shift. dengan program simulasi Ugha Cement RF 68 dapat menghitung waktu aktual yang dibutuhkan untuk menghabiskan kouta perhari. Kata Kunci: Penjadwalan, ldle capacity dan Kuota, Simulasi Pendahuluan PT. Semen Andalas Indonesia atau juga sekarang dikenal sebagai PT. Lafarge Cement Andalas (LCI) Indonesia Lhoknga, telah menghasilkan produk PT. Semen Andalas Indonesia(LCI) mereka hingga mencapai 1,78 juta ton pertahun hingga seterusnya. PT. Semen Andalas Indonesia memiliki fasilitas pelabuhan sendiri di Lhoknga, juga beberapa terminal pengantongan yang dilengkapi dengan fasilitas pengiriman di Lhokseumawe, Belawan, Batam, dan Dumai.PT. Semen Andalas Indonesia dalam melaksanakan Pendistribusian semen kepada konsumen menggunakan dua jalur angkutan yaitu jalur darat dan jalur laut. Jalur laut ditempuh guna memenuhi permintaan semen dari luar Aceh. Untuk kebutuhan semen di Aceh dilakukan dengan menggunakan truk

Adaptive Control of Arm Movement based on Cerebellar Model

This study is an attempt to take advantage of a cerebellar model to control a biomimetic arm. Aware that a variety of cerebellar models with different levels of details has been developed, we focused on a high-level model called MOSAIC. This model is thought to be able to describe the cerebellar functionality without getting into the details of the neural circuitry. To understand where this model exactly fits, we glanced over the biology of the cerebellum and a few alternative models. Certainly, the arm control loop is composed of other components. We reviewed those elements with emphasis on modeling for our simulation. Among these models, the arm and the muscle system received the most attention. The musculoskeletal model tested independently and by means of optimization techniques, a human-like control of arm through muscle activations achieved. We have discussed how MOSAIC can solve a control problem and what drawbacks it has. Consequently, toward making a practical use of MOSAIC model, several ideas developed and tested. In this process, we borrowed concepts and methods from the control theory. Specifically, known schemes of adaptive control of a manipulator, linearization and approximation were utilized. Our final experiment dealt with a modified/adjusted MOSAIC model to adaptively control the arm. We call this model ORF-MOSAIC (Organized by Receptive Fields MOdular Selection And Identification for Control). With as few as 16 modules, we were able to control the arm in a workspace of 30 x 30 cm. The system was able to adapt to an external field as well as handling new objects despite delays. The discussion section suggests that there are similarities between microzones in the cerebellum and the modules of this new model

Geochemistry, Mineralogy and Petrography of Al-Hisa Phosphate Rocks and Its Upgraded Ores

Several samples from phosphate rock and upgraded ores collected from Al-Hisa mine central Jordan were investigated geochemically and mineralogical. Mineralogical study showed that the main mineral phases are Françoise, beside calcite, gypsum clay and silica. The petrography of francolite shows that it is presented mainly in the form of pellets, ooliths and bioclsts, the matrix formed mainly from calcite, micro-quartz and anhydrite. The upgrading process causes enrichment of Françoise, clay and gypsum to some extent, and depletion of calcite and quartz. Thus the TCP increased from 52% in the original phosphate rocks and reaches 64% in the upgraded ores. The dramatic drop of chlorine in upgrading ores reflects its solubility if the effluent water, that might cause increase of Cl in surface water bodies. Keywords: Phosphate, Upper Cretaceous, Upgraded ores, Francolite, TCP, Jordan

The Inherent Structure Landscape Connection Between Liquids, Granular materials and the Jamming Phase Diagram

We provide a comprehensive picture of the jamming phase diagram by connecting the athermal, granular ensemble of jammed states and the equilibrium fluid through the inherent structure paradigm for a system hard discs confined to a narrow channel. The J-line is shown to be divided into packings that are thermodynamically accessible from the equilibrium fluid and inaccessible packings. The J-point is found to occur at the transition between these two sets of packings and is located at the maximum the inherent structure distribution. A general thermodynamic argument suggests that the density of the states at the configurational entropy maximum represents a lower bound on the J-point density in hard sphere systems. Finally, we find that the granular and fluid systems only occupy the same set of inherent structures, under the same thermodynamic conditions, at two points, corresponding to zero and infinite pressures, where they sample the J-point states and the most dense packing respectively.Comment: 5 pages, 3 Figure